Roman Saudi Arabia at a glance
Saudi Arabia was at least partly inside the Roman Empire at 5 of the 13 key dates on this map, between AD 117 and AD 565. The most of it inside was 0.9% of Saudi Arabia (17,569 km² of 1,921,725 km²), at AD 117. Today's Saudi Arabia overlaps 1 Roman province or province group on the AD 200 map.
The map above opens on AD 117, when the most of Saudi Arabia was inside.
- AD 117first key date inside
- AD 565last key date inside
- 0.9%most inside, at AD 117
- 8Roman-period settlements in Pleiades
Roman provinces in Saudi Arabia
Today's Saudi Arabia overlaps 1 Roman province on the AD 200 map:
- Arabia Petraea (16% of the province is here)
Saudi Arabia inside the empire, date by date
| Date | Share of Saudi Arabia inside | Area inside (km²) |
|---|---|---|
| 753 BC | outside | 0 |
| 264 BC | outside | 0 |
| 133 BC | outside | 0 |
| 44 BC | outside | 0 |
| AD 14 | outside | 0 |
| AD 117 | 0.9% | 17,569 |
| AD 211 | 0.9% | 17,569 |
| AD 395 | 0.9% | 17,569 |
| AD 476 | 0.9% | 17,569 |
| AD 565 | 0.9% | 17,569 |
| AD 1000 | outside | 0 |
| AD 1180 | outside | 0 |
| AD 1453 | outside | 0 |
A country counts as inside only above 1% of its area or 500 km², because the ancient and modern coastlines do not match exactly. Borders are approximate and debated.
Roman cities in Saudi Arabia
Pleiades lists 8 Roman-period settlements in Saudi Arabia. The best attested include:
Names and attestation from Pleiades (CC BY 3.0).
See every known Roman road on romanroadsmap.com →
Related countries
- Roman Egypt (shares Arabia Petraea)
- Roman Jordan (shares Arabia Petraea)
- Roman Israel (shares Arabia Petraea)
- Roman Syria (shares Arabia Petraea)
- Roman Palestine (shares Arabia Petraea)